# General design characteristics.

**Citation:** 49 CFR 193.2151  
**Type / status:** regulation / historical  
**Agency:** Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration  
**Effective:** 1999-10-01  
**Published:** Not stated

(a) An impounding system must have a configuration or design which, to the maximum extent possible, will prevent liquid from escaping impoundment by leakage, splash from collapse of a structure or part thereof, momentum and low surface friction, foaming, failure of pressurized piping, and accidental

## Document text

(a) An impounding system must have a configuration or design which, to the maximum extent possible, will prevent liquid from escaping impoundment by leakage, splash from collapse of a structure or part thereof, momentum and low surface friction, foaming, failure of pressurized piping, and accidental pumping.

(b) The basic form of an impounding system may be excavation, a natural geological formation, manufactured diking, such as berms or walls, or any combination thereof.

## Provenance

- Official: Yes
- Source: <https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CFR-1999-title49-vol3/CFR-1999-title49-vol3-sec193-2151>
- Source ID: `govinfo-cfr`
- SHA-256: `1d2631bcd54a665f6dddbfbc83ed348486384af27b5ab5dac5d11e1e952741c3`
- Retrieved: 2026-08-12T01:41:23.231Z
- Exported: 2026-08-24T16:09:32.190Z
- Document slug: `49-cfr-193-2151`

### Source metadata

```json
{
  "part": "193",
  "section": "193.2151",
  "subpart": "Subpart C—Design",
  "annualEdition": 1999,
  "revisedAsOf": "1999-10-01",
  "govInfoPackage": "CFR-1999-title49-vol3",
  "legalStatus": "official-annual-cfr-edition",
  "effectiveDateNote": null,
  "historicalAnchor": true,
  "historicalAnchorNote": "The section appears in an official annual CFR edition but is absent from the connected current eCFR corpus.",
  "jurisdiction": "US"
}
```