{"operation":"document","citation":"49 CFR 193.2009","title":"Rules of regulatory construction.","source_type":"regulation","agency":"Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration","status":"current","official":true,"published_on":null,"effective_on":"2026-08-18","summary":"(a) As used in this part:\n\n(1) Includes means including but not limited to;\n\n(2) May means is permitted to or is authorized to;\n\n(3) May not means is not permitted to or is not authorized to; and\n\n(4) Shall or must is used in the mandatory and imperative sense.\n\n(b) In this part:\n\n(1) Words importin","machine_formats":{"json":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/49-cfr-193-2009.json","markdown":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/49-cfr-193-2009.md"},"app_url":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/49-cfr-193-2009","source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/on/2026-08-18/title-49/section-193.2009","body":"(a) As used in this part:\n\n(1) Includes means including but not limited to;\n\n(2) May means is permitted to or is authorized to;\n\n(3) May not means is not permitted to or is not authorized to; and\n\n(4) Shall or must is used in the mandatory and imperative sense.\n\n(b) In this part:\n\n(1) Words importing the singular include the plural; and\n\n(2) Words importing the plural include the singular.","truncated":false,"body_characters":392}