{"operation":"document","citation":"49 CFR 195.110","title":"External loads.","source_type":"regulation","agency":"Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration","status":"current","official":true,"published_on":null,"effective_on":"2026-08-18","summary":"(a) Anticipated external loads (e.g., earthquakes, vibration, thermal expansion, and contraction) must be provided for in a pipeline system's design. Sections 401, 402, 403.3, and 403.9 of ASME B31.4 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3) must be followed to provide for expansion and flexibility.\n","machine_formats":{"json":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/49-cfr-195-110.json","markdown":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/49-cfr-195-110.md"},"app_url":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/49-cfr-195-110","source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/on/2026-08-18/title-49/section-195.110","body":"(a) Anticipated external loads (e.g., earthquakes, vibration, thermal expansion, and contraction) must be provided for in a pipeline system's design. Sections 401, 402, 403.3, and 403.9 of ASME B31.4 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3) must be followed to provide for expansion and flexibility.\n\n(b) The pipe and other components must be supported in such a way that the support does not cause excess localized stresses. In designing attachments to pipe, the added stress to the wall of the pipe must be computed and compensated for.\n\n[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended at 58 FR 14524, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 195-107, 89 FR 33284, Apr. 29, 2024; Amdt. 195-117, 90 FR 40766, Aug. 21, 2025]","truncated":false,"body_characters":710}