# Small LP Gas Operator Guide (April 2017) - **operation:** document - **citation:** PHMSA Guidance, Small LP Gas Operator Guide (April 2017) - **title:** Small LP Gas Operator Guide (April 2017) - **source type:** guidance - **agency:** Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration - **status:** guidance - **official:** true - **published on:** Not available - **effective on:** Not available - **summary:** Small LP Gas Operator Guide (April 2017) Document revised-guidance-operators-small-lp-gas-systems-april-2017.pdf (4.93 MB) The purpose of this guidance manual is to recognize jurisdictional systems requirements and what responsibilities are required of companies that install and service jurisdictional systems. The U.S. Department of Transportation has developed minimum pipeline safety regulations that are published i - **machine formats:** - **json:** https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-guidance-small-lp-gas-operator-guide-april-2017-9af38938.json - **markdown:** https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-guidance-small-lp-gas-operator-guide-april-2017-9af38938.md - **app url:** https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-guidance-small-lp-gas-operator-guide-april-2017-9af38938 - **source url:** https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/training/pipeline/small-lp-gas-operator-guide-april-2017 **body:** Small LP Gas Operator Guide (April 2017) Document revised-guidance-operators-small-lp-gas-systems-april-2017.pdf (4.93 MB) The purpose of this guidance manual is to recognize jurisdictional systems requirements and what responsibilities are required of companies that install and service jurisdictional systems. The U.S. Department of Transportation has developed minimum pipeline safety regulations that are published in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 190,191, 192, 199, and Part 40. “Jurisdictional system” is a term used to describe a propane gas system that is regulated primarily by state and Federal government. A jurisdiction system ends at the outlet swivel of the meter (customer meter) or the connection to a customer’s piping, whichever is further downstream. Propane systems that serve single customers (such as a private residence) are not considered jurisdictional and therefore are not addressed in this guidance manual.  Description: This guidance manual for operators of small Liquid Petroleum (LP) gas systems is part of our commitment to pipeline safety. This manual was developed to provide an overview of pipeline compliance responsibilities under the Federal pipeline safety regulations. It is designed for the non-technically trained person who operates an LP gas system. Effective Date: Tuesday, March 18, 2025 <<>> Guidance Manual for Operators of LP Gas Systems April, 2017 US Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration Office of Pipeline Safety <<>> TO THE READER The U.S. Office of Pipeline Safety promotes the safe transportation of gas by pipeline. This guidance manual for operators of small Liquid Petroleum (LP) gas systems is part of our commitment to pipeline safety. This manual was developed to provide an overview of pipeline compliance responsibilities under the Federal pipeline safety regulations. It is designed for the non-technically trained person who operates an LP gas system. The Federal government recognizes that many of the safety regulations are written in technical language that addresses generic requirements for both large and small LP gas systems. This manual attempts to simplify the technical language of the regulations. For certain critical regulations, this manual provides details of methods of operation and selection of materials that will satisfy the pipeline safety regulations. However, this is often only one of several allowable options. This manual provides a set of examples that operators of small LP gas systems can use to meet the minimum requirements of the pipeline safety regulations. Our aim is to provide basic information to operators of LP gas systems to ensure compliance with the Federal gas pipeline safety regulations. It is hoped that this document will assist operators in achieving and maintaining a safe and efficient system. The result will enhance public safety – the essential goal of the Office of Pipeline Safety. Alan Mayberry Associate Administrator for Pipeline Safety Revised – April 2017 i <<>> ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This guidance manual was revised by the American Public Gas Association (APGA) Security and Integrity Foundation (SIF) under a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Transportation. The manual relies on sources representing the best opinion on the subject at the time of publication. It should not, however, be assumed that all acceptable safety measures and procedures are mentioned in this manual. The reader is referred to the Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR Parts 190-199 and Part 40) for the complete pipeline safety requirements. The Office of Pipeline Safety (OPS) gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the many individuals and organizations who contributed their time and expertise to this manual. Most especially, it is a product of close cooperation with the National Association of Pipeline Safety Representatives (NAPSR), National Propane Gas Association (NPGA), LP Operators, State and Federal pipeline safety representatives. The advisory group involved in the revision of this manual included: Richard G. Marini, P.E., APGA SIF, Project Manager John Erickson, APGA Vice President Bruce Benson, Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection Ed Boden, AmeriGas Mike Deegan, Clearwater Gas System, Florida James Hilliard, Revere Gas, Virginia Gerry Lee, APGA SIF G. C. Morris, Vermont Department of Public Service Jim Osterhaus, Railroad Commission of Texas Kevin Streeter, PHMSA Office of Pipeline Safety Central Region Bruce Swiecicki, National Propane Gas Association Rufus Youngblood, Ferrell Gas Further acknowledgements to Dave Burnell, New Hampshire Public Utilities Commission and David Berger Associates for their additional review and contribution. Revised – April 2017 ii <<>> INTRODUCTION The purpose of this guidance manual is to recognize jurisdictional systems requirements and what responsibilities are required of companies that install and service jurisdictional systems. The U.S. Department of Transportation has developed minimum pipeline safety regulations that are published in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 190,191, 192, 199, and Part 40. “Jurisdictional system” is a term used to describe a propane gas system that is regulated primarily by State and Federal government. A jurisdiction system ends at the outlet swivel of the meter (customer meter) or the connection to a customer’s piping, whichever is further downstream. Propane systems that serve single customers (such as a private residence) are not considered jurisdictional and therefore are not addressed in this guidance manual. Some jurisdictional systems are served by a master meter. This is a pipeline system for distributing gas within, but not limited to, a definable area, such as a mobile home park, a housing project, or an apartment complex where the operator purchases metered gas from an outside source for resale through a gas distribution pipeline system. The gas distribution pipeline system supplies the ultimate consumer, who either purchases the gas directly through a meter or by other means, such as through a rental agreement. The master meter operator is the person or company that engages in the transportation of propane through a pipeline. Often the master meter operator is the propane marketer. However, if the ownership of the propane changes hands at the tank from the propane company to another entity, such as a condo association or mobile home Revised - April 2017 iii <<>> park owner, then that entity (i.e., condo association) is responsible for operating and maintaining the system and becomes the master meter operator. A propane system is jurisdictional where one of the following conditions exists: Condition 1: Multiple customers (10+ supplied from a single source). Ten or more customers are supplied from a single tank or multiple tanks manifolded together. The propane tank’s/tanks’ location in this scenario does not matter. This system could be a single apartment building with 10 or more apartments, an apartment complex of two or more buildings, a condominium complex, a mobile home park, a campground, etc. As long as there are 10 or more customers serviced by the system, it is jurisdictional. Condition 2: Multiple customers, where a portion of the system is in a public place. More than one customer is supplied from a single tank or multiple tanks manifolded together, where a portion of the system is located in a public place. A customer is defined as an end user who has control of the gas usage. This system could consist of a strip mall with several businesses; a manufacturing business that has a credit union within it (the credit union is open to the public); a condominium complex with less than 10 customers, if it has a laundromat open to the public (with gas dryers) and is tied into Revised - April 2017 iv <<>> the same gas system; or a real estate office and a dentist in the same building, if both have a propane appliance controlled by each individual business. Note: A container or containers and associated piping supplying a single user is normally not jurisdictional, depending on whether the entire system is located entirely on the customer premises. The pipeline safety regulations require operators of LP gas systems to: • Deliver gas safely and reliably to customers; • Provide training and written procedures for employees; • Establish written emergency procedures to minimize the hazards resulting from LP gas pipeline incidents; and • Keep records of periodic inspections and testing LP gas operators who do not comply with the safety regulations may be subject to civil penalties, compliance orders or both. If safety problems are severe, a "Hazardous Facility Order" may be issued by Federal or State pipeline safety inspectors. This could result in the shutdown of the system. Often, State agencies enforce pipeline safety regulations under certification by OPS. The State agency is allowed to adopt additional or more stringent safety regulations for intrastate pipeline transportation as long as such regulations are compatible with the Federal minimum regulations. However, if a State agency is not certified, the U.S. Department of Transportation retains jurisdiction over intrastate pipeline systems. Revised - April 2017 v <<>> Operators should check with the pipeline safety agency in their State to determine: • Whether a State agency has safety jurisdiction over their specific type of LP gas system; • Whether the State agency has pipeline safety requirements that exceed the Federal regulations; and • The inspection and enforcement procedures of the State agency. A jurisdictional system that transports only LP gas or LP gas/air mixtures must meet the requirements of the Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR Parts 190-199 and Part 40) and NFPA 58 and 59. Additional guidance on determining if an LP piping system is subject to Federal pipeline safety regulations can be found in the “Propane Jurisdictional Systems: A Guide to Understanding Basic Fundamentals and Requirements” available at www.propanecouncil.org. An operator should check with the authority having jurisdiction in the State where the pipeline is installed to determine the requirements for compliance. Revised - April 2017 vi <<>> DEFINITIONS AND TERMS To understand this manual, LP gas system operators need to know the meaning of some commonly used terms in the gas industry. The terms are defined below for the purpose of this guidance manual. The reader is referred to 49 CFR Part 192 and NFPA Standards for additional definitions. CFR Code of Federal Regulations Customer An end user who has control of the gas usage Jurisdictional System A propane system that serves multiple dwellings, buildings, or businesses. It can also include single dwellings, buildings, or businesses when the system is not entirely on the customer’s premises and a portion of the system is in a public place. According to OPS enforcement policy, jurisdiction ends at the outlet swivel of the meter (customer meter) or the connection to a customer’s piping, whichever is further downstream. Master Meter System A master meter system as defined by § 191.3 is a pipeline system for distributing gas within, but not limited to, a definable area, such as a mobile home park, a housing project, or an apartment complex, where the operator purchases metered gas from an outside source for resale through a gas distribution pipeline system. The gas distribution pipeline system supplies the ultimate consumer, who purchases the gas directly through a meter or by other means, such as through a rental agreement. NFPA National Fire Protection Association Operator A person or company who engages in the transportation of gas. An operator could be a propane marketer, a gas utility company, a municipality, or an individual operating a propane system in a housing project, an apartment complex, a condominium, a mobile home park, a shopping center, or another location. Revised - April 2017 vii <<>> OPS The Office of Pipeline Safety (OPS) administers the Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration’s national regulatory program to ensure the safe transportation of natural gas, petroleum, and other hazardous materials by pipeline. PHMSA The Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration. Public Place A place that is generally open to all persons in a community as opposed to being restricted to specific persons. Examples of public places include churches, schools, and commercial buildings, as well as any publicly owned right-of-way or property frequented by a person. Public Right-of-Way A tract of land, paved or unpaved, where the public has a right to walk, and in some cases to ride horses, bicycles, or drive motor vehicles. Transportation of Gas (as defined in §192.3) The gathering, transmission, or distribution of gas by pipeline or the storage of gas, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce. Revised - April 2017 viii <<>> REGULATORY POSITION OF THIS GUIDANCE MANUAL The overarching standards utilized in the development of this liquefied petroleum (LP) facilities guidance manual include federal regulation 49 CFR Part 192 (Through Amendment 192-117; 06.06.2011), which “incorporates by reference” (IBR) the 2004 edition of NFPA 58 “LP-Gas Code” and the 2004 edition of NFPA 59 “Utility LP-Gas Plant Code.” Compliance with these requirements, and the application of the concepts found within this guidance manual, are subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) who is responsible for enforcing the requirements of 49 CFR Part 192 and applicable IBR’s. In view of the ongoing regulatory and consensus standard developments between regulatory authorities, industry stakeholders, technical societies, and other interested parties, there exists the potential for revisions to both federal regulations and referenced consensus standards. Consequently, these revisions could impact the applicability of some of the manual’s compliance guidance material, but not the concepts presented within it. Again, the AHJ should always be consulted for final guidance as to what constitutes stakeholder compliance. Finally, it should be understood that this guidance material was developed to assist primarily small operators who may not have the resources for this scope of work, but are committed to regulatory compliance for the sake of pipeline safety. Revised April 2017 ix <<>> CFR TIMELINE FOR PIPELINE AND LPG REGULATIONS UP TO 1970 1880 – ASME was founded for engineers to discuss concerns brought on by industrialization and mechanization. 1884 ‐ ASME established the Boiler Testing Code 1905 – A boiler explosion at the Grover Shoe Factory disaster in Brocton Massachusetts killed 58 and injured 117. 1915 – ASME established the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code 1916 ‐ The American Institute of Electrical Engineers (now IEEE) invited the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers (AIME) and the American Society for Testing Materials (now ASTM International) to join in establishing an impartial national body to coordinate standards development, approve national consensus standards, and halt user confusion on acceptability. These five organizations, who were themselves core members of the United Engineering Society (UES), subsequently invited the U.S. Departments of War, Navy and Commerce to join them as founders 1919 ‐ The American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC) was founded by six Stanton engineering societies and three government agencies. 1928 – Renamed the American Standards Associations, (ASA) 1935 – ASA issued the document, B31.1 American Tentative Standard Code for Pressure Piping, it later became B31.8 – Gas Transportation Piping 1938 – The Natural Gas Act gave the Federal Power Commission authority over the interstate natural gas industry mainly to control monopolistic pricing 1966 – Renamed the United States of America Standards Institute (USASI) 1969 – Finally renamed the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 08/12/1968 – Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act became law 04/08/1970 – NPRM, Section 192.9 sets forth special requirements for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) systems which are presently contained in section 862 of the B31.8 Code. Although the Act does not apply to “liquefied” gas, it does apply to any pipeline facilities that are used in the transportation of a gaseous product. The USAS B31.8 Code required these systems to comply with both the B31.8 Code and NFPA Standards 58 and 59. This has been clarified slightly by adding a sentience to provide that, in the event of conflicting provisions, Part 192 standards will govern. Revised April 2017 ix <<>> RULEMAKING ARCHIVES IN PHMSA WEBSITE http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/pipeline/historical-rulemaking April 8, 1970 OPS‐3G, NPRM April 8, 1970 35 FR 5713 “Section 192.9 sets forth special requirements for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) systems which are presently contained in section 862 of the.B31.8 Code. Although the Act does not apply to "liquefied" gas, it does apply to any pipeline facilities that are used in the transportation of a gaseous product. The USAS B31.8 Code required these systems to comply with both the B31.8 Code and NFPA Standards 58 and 59. This has been clarified slightly by adding a sentence to provide that, in the event of conflicting provisions, Part 192 standards will govern. Appendix C‐Documents Incorporated by Reference… D. National Fire Protection Association:… 2. NFPA Standard 58 is titled "Storage and Handling, Liquefied Petroleum Gases." (1963 edition). 3. NFPA Standard 59 is titled "LP Gases at Utility Gas Plants." (1962 and 1963 addendum)” § 192.9 Propane and other petroleum gas systems. (a) No operator may transport propane or other gas, or gas mixture, unless the gas system meets the requirements of this part and of NFPA Standards No. 58 and No. 59. In the event of a conflict, the requirements of this part prevail. (b) Liquefied petroleum gas systems must comply with the following: (1) Above ground structures musts. have open vents near the floor level. (2) Below ground structures must have forced ventilation that will prevent any accumulation of gas. (3) Relief valve discharge vents must be located so as to prevent any accumulation of gas at or below ground level. (4) Special precautions must be taken to provide adequate ventilation where excavations are made to repair an underground system. Appendix C – Material Incorporated by Reference 2. NFPA Standard 58 is titled “Storage and Handling, Liquefied Petroleum Gases” (1963 edition) 3. NFPA Standard 59 is titled “LP Gases at Utility Gas Plants” (1962 and 1963 addendum) 08/19/1970 §192.11 Petroleum gas systems. (a) No operator may transport petroleum gas in a system that serves 10 or more customers, or in a system, any portion of which is located in a public place (such as a highway), unless that system meets the requirements of this part and of NFPA Standards No. 58 and No. 59. In the event of a conflict, the requirements of this part prevail. (b) Each petroleum gas system covered by paragraph (a) of this section must comply with the following: (1) Aboveground structures must have open vents near the floor level. (2) Below ground structures must have forced ventilation that will prevent any accumulation of gas. (3) Relief valve discharge vents must be located so as to prevent any accumulation of gas at or below ground level. (4) Special precautions must be taken to provide adequate ventilation where excavations are made to repair an underground system. (c) For the purpose of this section, petroleum gas means propane, butane, or mixtures of these gases, other than a gas air mixture that is used to supplement supplies in a natural gas distribution system. [Part 192 ‐ Org., 35 FR 13248, Aug. 19, 1970] 2. NFPA Standard 58 “Storage and Handling, Liquefied Petroleum Gases” (1969 edition). 3. NFPA Standard 59 “LP Gases at Utility Gas Plants” (1968 edition). Revised April 2017 ix <<>> 03/18/ 1993 §192.11 Petroleum gas systems. (a) No operator may transport petroleum gas in a system that serves 10 or more customers, or in a system, any portion of which is located in a public place (such as a highway), unless that system meets the requirements of this part and of ANSI/NFPA Standards No. 58 and No. 59. In the event of a conflict, the requirements of this part prevail. (b) Each petroleum gas system covered by paragraph (a) of this section must comply with the following: (1) Aboveground structures must have open vents near the floor level. (2) Below ground structures must have forced ventilation that will prevent any accumulation of gas. (3) Relief valve discharge vents must be located so as to prevent any accumulation of gas at or below ground level. (4) Special precautions must be taken to provide adequate ventilation where excavations are made to repair an underground system. (c) For the purpose of this section, petroleum gas means propane, butane, or mixtures of these gases, other than a gas air mixture that is used to supplement supplies in a natural gas distribution system. [Part 192 ‐ Org., Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192‐68, 58 FR 14519, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192‐75, 61 FR 18512, Apr. 26, 1996; Amdt. 192‐78, 61 FR 28770, June 6, 1996] 06/06/1996 192.1(b)(4) Any pipeline system that transports only petroleum gas or petroleum gas/air mixtures to— (i) Fewer than 10 customers, if no portion of the system is located in a public place; or (ii) A single customer, if the system is located entirely on the customer’s premises (no matter if a portion of the system is located in a public place). [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34605, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192–67, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991; Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28782, June 6, 1996] § 192.11 Petroleum gas systems. (a) Each plant that supplies petroleum gas by pipeline to a natural gas distribution system must meet the requirements of this part and ANSI/ NFPA 58 and 59. (b) Each pipeline system subject to this part that transports only petroleum gas or petroleum gas/air mixtures must meet the requirements of this part and of ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59. (c) In the event of a conflict between this part and ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59, ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59 prevail. [Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996], [Part 192 ‐ Org., 35 FR 13248, Aug. 19, 1970] Revised April 2017 ix <<>> REFERENCE MATERIAL http://www.eng‐tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=195650 In 1919 the American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC) was formed. It was reorganized in 1928 as the American Standards Associations, (ASA) and later became ANSI. It initiated project, B31, to develop a pressure piping Code. The resulting document, "American Tentative Standard Code for Pressure Piping, ASA B31.1 was issued in 1935. Rulemaking Archives in PHMSA website, http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/pipeline/historical-rulemaking 08/10/2010, 75 FR 48595 When a requirement exists in part 192 that does not exist in NFPA 58 or 59, operators are required to comply with it. A conflict only exists when an operator cannot comply with a requirement in NFPA 58 and 59 because it conflicts with a requirement in part 192. When a conflict exists, NFPA 58 or 59 continue to prevail. 06/06/1996, 61 FR 28773 “And, in accordance with 49 U.S.C. § 60104(b), none of the design, installation, construction, initial testing, or initial inspection requirements of NFPA Standards 58 and 59 would apply under part 192 to peak shaving plants now in existence. So, retrofitting existing plants would not be required.” Grandfather Clause United States Code, Title 49, Transportation, 49 USC §60104. Requirements and limitations (a) … (b) Nonapplication.—A design, installation, construction, initial inspection, or initial testing standard does not apply to a pipeline facility existing when the standard is adopted. Things that are retroactive Acronym for retroactive SubParts – KILAMOP (in red below). A. General requirements B. Materials C. Pipe Design D. Design of Pipeline Components E. Welding of Steel Pipelines F. Joining of Materials other than by Welding G. General Constructions Requirements for Transmission and Mains H. Customer Meters, Service Regulators, and Service Lines I. Requirements for Corrosion Control J. Test Requirements K. Uprating L. Operations M. Maintenance N. Qualification of Pipeline Personnel O. Gas Transmission Pipeline Integrity Management P. Gas Distribution Pipeline Integrity Management Revised April 2017 ix <<>> DATES OF “INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE” – FOR USE WHEN INSPECTING FACILITIES BASED ON THEIR DATE OF CONSTRUCTION FOR CERTAIN CODE SECTIONS THAT ARE NOT RETRO‐ACTIVE Revised April 2017 ix <<>> CONTENTS TO THE READER ........................................................................................................................................................................ i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................................ ii INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................................... iii Definitions And Terms ...................................................................................................................................................... vii REGULATORY POSITION OF THIS GUIDANCE MANUAL ....................................................................................... ix CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................................................... x CHAPTER I: REPORTS REQUIRED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ........................................................... I‐1 INCIDENT REPORTS ............................................................................................................................................................ I‐1 Address for Incident Reports ........................................................................................................................................ I‐2 SAFETY‐RELATED CONDITION REPORTS ................................................................................................................. I‐2 Address for Safety‐Related Condition Reports ...................................................................................................... I‐3 ANNUAL REPORTS ............................................................................................................................................................... I‐3 Address for Annual Reports ........................................................................................................................................... I‐3 CHAPTER II: PLANS REQUIRED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ............................................................... II‐1 OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PLAN ................................................................................................................ II‐1 OPERATIONS PLANS .......................................................................................................................................................... II‐1 MAINTENANCE PLANS ..................................................................................................................................................... II‐8 EMERGENCY PLANS ........................................................................................................................................................ II‐11 DAMAGE PREVENTION PROGRAM ........................................................................................................................... II‐11 OPERATOR QUALIFICATION Plan ............................................................................................................................. II‐12 PUBLIC AWARENESS PLAN ......................................................................................................................................... II‐12 DISTRIBUTION INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DIMP) ............................................................................ II‐13 Appendix 2.1: Guidance for Abandonment or Deactivation of Facilities ................................................... II‐14 Appendix 2.2 – Guidance for Emergency Plan Procedures ............................................................................. II‐17 Appendix 2.3 – Guidance for Distribution Integrity Management Plans ................................................... II‐19 DIMP Resources ................................................................................................................................................................ II‐24 Jurisdictional Determination Diagrams .................................................................................................................. II‐25 CHAPTER III: MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT QUALIFIED FOR USE IN PROPANE GAS SYSTEMS .. III‐1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................. III‐1 TANKS .................................................................................................................................................................................... III‐1 PIPE ......................................................................................................................................................................................... III‐3 TUBING .................................................................................................................................................................................. III‐4 FITTINGS ............................................................................................................................................................................... III‐4 VALVES .................................................................................................................................................................................. III‐6 OVERPRESSURE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT ........................................................................................................ III‐8 CHAPTER IV: CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIR ......................................................................................................... IV‐1 PLANNING AHEAD ............................................................................................................................................................ IV‐1 PIPE INSTALLATION, REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT: ........................................................................................ IV‐2 Gas Main Installation ..................................................................................................................................................... IV‐2 Service Line Installation ............................................................................................................................................... IV‐2 Revised, April 2017 x <<>> METALLIC PIPE INSTALLATION ................................................................................................................................. IV‐3 PLASTIC PIPE INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................................................... IV‐4 Electrofusion process .................................................................................................................................................... IV‐7 Guidelines for performing a Pressure Test ......................................................................................................... IV‐14 REPAIR METHODS ‐ PLASTIC AND METAL .......................................................................................................... IV‐15 LOCATION OF CONTAINERS ....................................................................................................................................... IV‐17 CHAPTER V: PROPER LOCATION AND DESIGN OF METERS, SERVICE LINES AND REGULATORS .. V‐1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................................................................. V‐1 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................................................................................... V‐1 CUSTOMER METERS AND REGULATORS .................................................................................................................. V‐1 Handling of Meters ............................................................................................................................................................ V‐1 Protection from Damage ................................................................................................................................................ V‐2 SERVICE LINES ................................................................................................................................................................... V‐4 Installation .......................................................................................................................................................................... V‐4 New Service Lines not in use ....................................................................................................................................... V‐5 Service Line Valves .......................................................................................................................................................... V‐5 Pressure Test ....................................................................................................................................................................... V‐5 Excess Flow Valves .......................................................................................................................................................... V‐6 CHAPTER VI: DAMAGE PREVENTION PROGRAM ................................................................................................ VI‐1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................................................................... VI‐1 SCOPE ..................................................................................................................................................................................... VI‐1 PROCEDURES AND QUALIFICATIONS ...................................................................................................................... VI‐2 ONE‐CALL SYSTEMS ......................................................................................................................................................... VI‐3 Response to One Call Requests .................................................................................................................................. VI‐3 Flags, Paint & Temporary Markings ........................................................................................................................ VI‐4 EXCAVATION ACTIVITIES .............................................................................................................................................. VI‐4 Excavator White Lining (Pre‐marking) .................................................................................................................. VI‐5 Excavation and Precautions to Avoid Damage .................................................................................................... VI‐6 Emergency Excavation .................................................................................................................................................. VI‐7 Repair of Excavation Damage ..................................................................................................................................... VI‐7 PERMANENT PIPELINE MARKERS ........................................................................................................................... VI‐8 Installation ......................................................................................................................................................................... VI‐8 CONTINUING SURVEILLANCE .................................................................................................................................... VI‐9 Appendices and Reference Materials ...................................................................................................................... VI‐10 CHAPTER VII CORROSION CONTROL ...................................................................................................................... VII‐1 PURPOSE .............................................................................................................................................................................. VII‐1 REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................................................................................................. VII‐1 Qualified person ............................................................................................................................................................. VII‐1 Buried Pipelines Installed after July 31, 1971 ................................................................................................... VII‐1 Buried Pipelines Installed Before August 1, 1971 ........................................................................................... VII‐2 Examination of Exposed Pipe ................................................................................................................................... VII‐2 Protective Coatings ....................................................................................................................................................... VII‐2 Revised, April 2017 xi <<>> Cathodic Protection ...................................................................................................................................................... VII‐2 Cathodic Protection Monitoring .............................................................................................................................. VII‐3 Electrical Isolation ........................................................................................................................................................ VII‐4 Test Stations .................................................................................................................................................................... VII‐5 Interference Testing ...................................................................................................................................................... VII‐5 Remediating Interference Problems ...................................................................................................................... VII‐6 Internal Corrosion Inspection) ................................................................................................................................. VII‐6 Atmospheric Corrosion C - **truncated:** true - **body characters:** 331820