# Transportation Department Enforcement Division — Hazardous Materials Safety Interpretation

- **operation:** document
- **citation:** 11-0306
- **title:** Transportation Department Enforcement Division — Hazardous Materials Safety Interpretation
- **source type:** guidance
- **agency:** Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
- **status:** guidance
- **official:** true
- **published on:** 2012-05-31
- **effective on:** Not available
- **summary:** 11-0306 response to Transportation Department Enforcement Division concerning 171.1, 171.8.
- **machine formats:** - **json:** https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-interpretation-11-0306.json
- **markdown:** https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-interpretation-11-0306.md
- **app url:** https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-interpretation-11-0306
- **source url:** https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/sites/phmsa.dot.gov/files/legacy/interpretations/Interpretations/2011/110306.pdf
**body:**

<<<PAGE 1>>>

U.S. Department
of Transportation
Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety
Administration
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, D.C. 20590
Mr. Carlisle Smith
Supervisor Hazardous Materials Program
Transportation Department
Enforcement Division
180 East Broad Street
Columbus, Ohio 43215-3793
Ref No. 11-0306
Dear Mr. Smith:
This responds to your December 12, 2011 email regarding the applicability of the Hazardous
Materials Regulations (HMR; 49 CFR Parts 171-180). Specifically, you ask if a 500-gallon
bulk package containing diesel fuel residue, transported on public roads, in a commercial
vehicle, for personal use is subject to the requirements of the HMR. You reference two
letters of interpretation issued by PHMSA, one issued on April16, 2004 (Ref. No.: 03-0223)
and the other issued on May 11, 2011 (Ref. No.: 11-0007).
Under Federal hazardous materials transportation law (Federal hazmat law), "transports" or
"transportation" is defined as "the movement of property and loading, unloading, or storage
incidental to the movement." Federal hazmat law also defines "commerce" as "trade or
transportation in the jurisdiction of the United States between a place in a State and a place
outside of the State; that affects trade or transportation between a place in a State and a place
outside of the State; or on a United States-registered aircraft." (See 49 U.S.C. 5102(1) and
(13).) Historically, PHMSA also interprets "in commerce" to mean trade or transportation in
furtherance of a commercial enterprise. This interpretation is based in part on the Federal
hazmat law's definition of "person" as including "a government, Indian tribe, or authority of
a government or tribe that (i) offers hazardous material for transportation in commerce; (ii)
transports hazardous material to further a commercial enterprise; or (iii) designs,
manufactures, fabricates, inspects, marks, maintains, reconditions, repairs, or tests a
package, container, or packaging component that is represented, marked, certified, or sold as
qualified for use in transporting hazardous materials in commerce .... " See 49 U.S.C.
5102(9); see also 49 CFR § 171.8.
PHMSA has reviewed both letters and stands by the May 11, 2011 letter which states that
non-commercial transportation of hazardous materials is not subject to the HMR. In a final
rule [Docket No. RSPA-98-4952 (HM-223)], titled "Applicability of the Hazardous

<<<PAGE 2>>>

Materials Regulations to Loading, Unloading, and Storage," which became effective on
June 1, 2005, we revised § 171.1 to clarify the applicability of the HMR to transportation
functions. We believe that the inconsistency in the responses is a result of a better
understanding of the meaning behind the term "non-commercial" transportation under the
HMR.
As a general matter, the transportation of a hazardous material by motor vehicle for personal
use of the driver is not subject to requirements in the HMR - although it may be subject to
other Federal, State, or local requirements. In fact, guidance issued by the Federal Motor
Carrier Safety Administration regarding 49 CFR § 390.5 states that "if the driver is
operating a commercial motor vehicle at the direction of the motor carrier, it is considered
interstate commerce and is subject to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations
(FMCSRs). If the motor carrier is allowing the driver to use the vehicle for private personal
transportation, such transportation is not subject to the FMCSRs." Your request for
interpretation did not contain enough information for PHMSA to confirm whether the driver
was transporting the 500-gallon bulk package containing diesel fuel residue for personal use,
nor did it indicate that the motor carrier allowed the driver to use the vehicle for personal
transportation. Any hazardous material that the driver is transporting on behalf of the motor
carrier is subject to the HMR.
I hope this answers your inquiry. If you have further questions, please contact this office.
Sincerely,
B~
Ben Supko
Acting Chief, Standards Development Branch
Standards and Rulemaking Division

<<<PAGE 3>>>

~u'l1tr
<;> \13 .z.~
~ \{ l. 8
Drakeford, Carolyn (PHMSA)
From:
Sent:
To:
Subject: INFOCNTR (PHMSA)
Monday, December 12, 2011 2:02PM
Drakeford, Carolyn (PHMSA)
FW: Hazmat Information Center Feedback: General Information, Regulations, and Definitions
(Sections 171.1 &ndash; 171.26)
Hi Carolyn,
We received the following request for a letter of interpretation.
Thanks,
Victoria
Victoria Lehman
Hazmat Information Center (HMIC)
http://phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/info-center
(2e2) 366-1e3s
-----Original Message-----
From: PHMSA-Feedback
Sent: Monday, December 12, 2e11 1e:27 AM
To: PHMSA HM InfoCenter; PHMSA Webmaster
Subject: Hazmat Information Center Feedback: General Information, Regulations, and
Definitions (Sections 171.1 &ndash; 171.26)
To: Charles E. Betts,
Director, Office of HM Standards
Dear Mr. Betts,
I am requesting clarification on the Hazardous Materials Regulations application of the
transportation of personal belongings by a driver who operates a commercial vehicle in
interstate commerce.
Recently an Ohio Commercial Vehicle Inspector stopped a tractor trailer combination in
interstate commerce. The vehicle was carrying construction equipment from a job site in
Kentucky to a location in Ohio. The vehicle was also carrying a see gallon bulk package that
the driver stated contained a residue of diesel fuel. The CMV did not display placards or
I.D. markings, the driver could not produce a shipping paper. When questioned by the
Inspector, the driver stated that tank came from the job site and he «took it upon himself to
add the see gallon tank to take home for personal use." The driver could not produce a bill
of sale or a letter from his employer supporting his claim.
A review of PHMSA Interpretation e3-e223 states that hazardous materials intended for
personal use, placed onto a commercial vehicle and transported on a public road, are subject
to the HMR. Conversely PHMSA Interpretation 11-eee7 contradicts Interpretation e3-e223,
stating «a driver who transports his/her own personal belongings (e.g. battery operated cell
phones, medical devices and GPS devices, gas cans etc.) for personal, non commercial use is
clearly not in commerce."
In closing, I am requesting a formal response regarding the applicability of the Hazardous
Materials Regulations to the scenario described above.
Thank you for your time,
Sincerely,
Carlisle Smith, Supervisor Hazardous Materials Program Transportation Enforcement Division
Public Utilities Commission of Ohio 18e Broad Street Columbus, OH 4321S
1

<<<PAGE 4>>>

Name: Carlisle Smith
Orga1lization: Public Utili ties Commission of Ohio
Email: carlisle.smith@puc.state.oh.us
Address: 180 East Broad Street
City: Columbus
Zip Code: 43215
Phone: 614-296-2067
FAX: 614-728-2133
2

<<<PAGE 5>>>

e"' .,
u.s. Department
of Transportation
Research and
Special Programs
Administration
400 Seventh St .. S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20590
APR .1 6 2004
Mr. Lloyd Heacock
3219 Lowden Street
Kalamazoo, MI 49008-4603
Reference No.: 03-0223
Dear Mr. Heacock:
This is in response to your September 5, 2003 letter and subsequent telephone conversations with
members of my staff regarding the applicability ofthe Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR;
49 CFR Parts 171-180). Specifically, you ask whether a five-gallon container of gasoline
transported on public roads, in a company vehicle, for personal use is subject to the requirements
of the HMR. You state that the gasoline was intended to be used to fill the gas tank of your
personal vehicle.
The answer is yes. As specified in§ 171.1, the HMR govern the transportation ofhazardous
materials in intrastate, interstate and foreign commerce. Accordingly, hazardous materials that
are transported by persons for personal use in their personal vehicles are not subject to the HMR.
However, under the scenario descr~bed in your letter, although the gasoline was for personal use,
it was placed onto a commercial v~hicle and transported on a public road. The transportation is,
therefore, "in commerce," and the gasoliiJ.:e.is subject to the requirements of the HMR.
You also asked whether the materi~s oftl.'i!de exception (MOT) applies to this scenario. The
answer is yes, the MOT exception fq>plies to the scenario you described, provided all applicable
provisions in§§ 171.8 and 173.61;U'e met. The definition ofMOT in§ 171.8 states:
... !· ..
A Material of trade means a hazardous materi~, other than a hazardous waste, that is carried on
[a] motor vehicle -
(1) For the purpose of.protecting the health and safety of the motor vehicle operator
or passenger; .
(2) For the purpose of supportingtb,e operation or maintenance of a motor vehicle
(including auxiliary eqlJip~ent); or
. . ~ ... ~.. .. .
(3) By a private motor carrier (inqluding vehicles operated by a rail carrier) in direct
support of a principat ·ppsin~.s that is other than transportation by motor vehicle.
II II II Ulllllll t:lll
030223

<<<PAGE 6>>>

It is our opinion that the definition, specifically item (2), covers the carriage of gasoline in the
scenario you describe and, therefore, fu,.e MOT exception applies if all provisions for MOT in
§ 173.6 are met.
I hope this satisfies your inquiry. If we can be of further assistance, please contact us.
Sincerely,
1~/~
Hattie L. Mitchell
Chief, Regulatory Review and Reinvention
Office of Hazardous Materials. St~q-~ds
. •' ~··
. ,, ,.
,,I.·
... • .
. .....

<<<PAGE 7>>>

09/05/2003 13:22 2693823505
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EMJ - Making a malerial difference.

<<<PAGE 8>>>

U.S. Department ofTransportation
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials
Safety Administration
MAY l 1 2011
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
washington, DC 20590
Paul D. Borghesani
The Law Offices of Paul D. Borghesani
307 S. Main Street, Suite 300
Elkhart, Indiana 46516
Ref. No.: 11-0007
Dear Mr. Borghesani:
This responds to your December 14, 2010 letter requesting clarification of the Hazardous
Materials Regulations (HMR; 49 CFR Parts 171-180); Specifically, you ask if the HMR
apply to the transportation of personal belongings by a driver who is operating a leased pick-
up truck in commerce. The belongings in question include: battery operated cell-phones,
medical devices and GPS devices, and gas cans used to fuel the driver's non-commercial
vehicles and machinery. You also reference a letter of interpretation issued by PHMSA on
April29, 20~0 (Ref. No. 09-0220), which clarified that transportation of scuba tanks for
personal, non-commercial use (e.g., recreation, sport fishing) is not subject to the HMR.
A driver who transports his/her own personal belongings (e.g., battery operated cell phone:;,
medical devices and GPS devices, gas cans, etc.) for personal, non-commercial use is clearly
not in commerce. Therefore, in the scenario you describe, those personal belongings are not
subject to the HMR. However, any hazardous material that the driver is transporting on
behalf of the motor carrier is in commerce and subject to the HMR.
You also refer to the Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA) 2010 program in your letter.
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration implements the CSA 2010 program.
Infonnation on CSA 2010 is available at the following website: http://csa.fincsa.dot.gov/.
I trust this satisfies your inquiry. Please contact us if we can be of further assistance.
Sincerely,
~..S:tz~V-
BenSupko
Acting Chief, Standards Development Branch
Standards and Rulemaking Division

<<<PAGE 9>>>

.
f 1ChtnfC£U.h
THE LAW OFFICES
OF
PAUL D. BORGHESANI
~111- ~
De+; n J. t-u;Yl r
l I- bOO 1
December 14, 20 10
Hattie L. Mitchell
Chief, Regulatory Review and Reinvention
Office of Hazardous Materials Standards
U.S. Department of Transportation
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, D.C. 20590
RE: Personal Items
Dear Ms. Mitchell:
This firm represents numerous motor carriers registered with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration ("Administra~ion") and engaged in the transportation of property pursuant to either a
certificate or permit issued by the Administration. The registered motor carriers are leasing
equipment (i.e. pick-up tru(!ks) from owners .that are also ~peran-ng_.~e le~ed .equipm~nt wh~
trarisP,orting pr9perty f9r the. mQ~pr earner. As prQvid~.din .19 .. CFR ;p~ 3,9.0, the ,m~tqr c~ers
leasing COiiUnercial motor 've~cles which. transport.property 'i~:~nters~ll~e:C~mm~r.ce ~ requirt:~·not
only to be knowledgeable of and c'omply witli the' Federal Motor Carner Safety Regulations
("Safety Regulations") but. also must instruct the owner/drivers as well as require their compliance
with these Safety Regulations. With the implementation of CSA 201 Q,. the motor .carriers
represented by this' firm have expanded· the scope of. it1structions as well as ·compliance
accountability . with· all appli~ab\e . Safety R~gulati9ns . incl11:ding- .. increased . ~wareness of .and
compliance with tlie Hazarclous Materials Reg~lations in 49 CFR Part~~17l-180.· ·
. • . . I •
During tthe course of instructing the o~ner/drivers, several ques,tions h~ve arise~ concerning the
Personal Items that the owner/drivers of the lease equipment" may have inion the equipment while
operatin'g the equipment in the furt!terance ot"the commercial ente~prise of the motor carrier. ·rhese
Personal Items include battery operated cell phones; battery-og~rated medical devices {CPAP);
battery-operated GPS devic~s, and occasionally small, empty, fuel containers ranging from five {5)
to thirty (30) gallons, the latter used for personal uses including the fueling of off-road equipment,
boats, and other non-com,mercial motor vehicles-. The batteries. utilized for the cell phones and/or
the GPS units ~e primarily lithium ion and are rechargeable. The batteries utilized for the CP AP
macHine are either lithiwn ion or sealed lead acid .. The batteries are more specifically described in
the a~chments to this-c~~espondetice. · · .· .. .. , ~ .:
.. ..
Consideration has been given to the :Pipelilie and .H~arqou~· 'Materials Safety Administrati~n
("PHMSA") Interpretation Nti~ber 9-0220. Therein; the PHMSA noted that under the Federal
Hazardous Materials Transportation Law the . term "in cornmeJ;ce" ineans transportation in
.. . . .
307 ,S. ~in Street, Suite 300 · EIJihart, Indiana ·46516
Teiephone (574) 389-0804 • Fax (574) 293-2214
E'mail pdborglaw@verizon.net

<<<PAGE 10>>>

12/14/2010
Hattie L. Mitchell
furtherance of a commercial enterprise. Based thereon, it was concluded that "the individual who
transports his/her own scuba tank for personal, non commercial use (e.g., recreation, sport fishing)
is not subject to the HMR."
The questions being presented include the following:
1. Is the individual owner/driver having the described battery-operated Personal Items in the leased
equipment while the owner/driver is operating the leased equipment in the furtherance of the
commercial enterprise of the motor carrier subject to the Hazardous Materials Regulations?
2. In these circumstances, is the motor carrier subject to the Hazardous Materials Regulations?
As noted, the Personal Items of the owner/drivers also include empty fuel tanks having a capacity
of five (5) to thirty (30) gallons that the owner/drivers use to fuel off-road equipment, boats, and
other non-commercial motor vehicles of the owner/driver. Generally, the equipment, boats and
other non-commercial vehicles are gasoline powered. As with the personal battery-operated items,
the leased equipment is being utilized to transport other property in furtherance of the commercial
enterprise of the motor carrier and the fuel tanks are not required by the motor carrier for such
transportation.
3. Noting that 49 CFR Part 390.3 excepts from the applicability of the rules in subchapter B the
occasional transportation of personal property by individuals not for compensation nor in the
furtherance of a commercial enterprise also except the applicability of the Hazardous Materials
Regulations for the occasional transportation of the described personal property of the
owner/drivers herein?
4. Are the described fuel tanks utilized for gasoline either empty or full considered materials of
trade as noted in 49 CFR Part 392.51 and as defmed in 49 CFR Part 171.8?
5. If the small amounts of fuel are considered materials of trade, what if any provisions of the
Hazardous Materials Regulations would be applicable to the individual owner/driver as well as the
motor carrier leasing the equipment from the owner/driver?
The consideration of the foregoing and response(s) by the PHMSA will serve to enhance the
instruction and compliance with the Safety Regulations including the Hazardous Materials
Regulations by the motor carriers and the owner/drivers leasing equipment to the motor carriers.
Very Truly Yours,
The Law Offices of Paul D. Borghesani
~tAU9l>. t3o~ ~
Paul D. Borghesani
PDB/alh
2

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also featuring a built in USB charge port to plug directly into the
battery and use your standard AC power cord on the PAP to plug
right into the battery.
• Addendum to user manual: After charging the battery, hold the
battery test button for 30 seconds or until the test lights display.
This wtll activate the battery for use.
CPAP Battery Specifications
o Dimensions 9.8" x 5.9" x 1.3"
• rncluded rn Box Battery, DC Adaptor cable for Resplrontcs M Series
machines, recharging power supply.
• Warranty 1 Year. We handle all warranty claims.
, Weight 3 pounds.
"" Prescnption Required NO
"' Battery Protection Built in circuitry protects against thermal
run-away and overheating.
o Charge Current 2500 mAh
., Chemistry High capacity, premium grade lithium-ion cells
!II Output Current 8A max
• Output Voltage 12 Volts
• Power Gauge Five Stage charge level indicator
• Recharge Tlme 4-5 hours.
,. MSRP (Manufactures Suggested Retail Price) $375
Take your CPAP machine anywhere
with our CPAP battery!
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I 1/24!2010 I 1:31AM

<<<PAGE 13>>>

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http://www .cpap-supply.comfl h1iversai-Ponablc-!3altcry-Pack-ij/ I 02iL
nome > CPAP Anessories >
Universal Portable Battery Pack
View Cart I My Account I Order Status I 888-955-2727
Horne I Ordering I Contact I Articles I FAQ I About Us 1 Privao
Qty:
1
Our Price: $199.00
11\1 FfH:F ~H1\Pf'F>.(i
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Availability:: Usually Ships in
24 to 48 Hours
Product Code: 1028869
Ad!.l tg Wish U~t
Respironics Universal Portable Battery Pack
~~
Desaiption
Battery Type: Sealed Lead-Acid
The Respironics Universal Portable Battery Pack is designed to allow you to
power your CPAP machine anywhere life takes you. Coupled with the DC
power cord specific to your particular CPAP machine model, the Universal
Portable Battery Pack will power a CPAP machine for up to 20 hours at a
pressure setting of 12. As the name suggests, the Universal Portable
Battery Pack can be used with any CPAP machine manufactured by any
company.
The Universal Portable Battery Pack is a sealed lead-acid battery that can
be used with any make and model of CPAP machine. The correct DC power
cord is necessary, and in some cases (for example, with the ResMed 58 or
59 machines) an inverter must be placed between the battery and the
CPAP machine. If you don't know exactly what you need, give us a call and
we can help you I
Features
'* 14 pounds - smaller and lighter than traditional gel cell,
marine-type batteries
• Carrying case
<> One year warranty
• Average run times of 16 to 24 hours for most CPAP machines
<> Smart charger to prevent overcharging of battery
o LED lights to indicate charging level
Contents
• Sealed lead-acid battery
" Charger with standard power cord for recharging from wall outlet
• Carrying case
~ NOTE: Don't forget that you'll need the 12V cord specfic to
your CPAP machine in order to be able to plug your CPAP
machine into this battery.
• NOTE: This battery DOES NOT include a 12V cord or 12V cord
adapters for your CPAP machine.
" NOTE: Our lithium iofl Super CPAP battery packs include a 12V
cord that's compatible with most REMstar machines, along
with seven adapters for that 12V cord. This Respironics
lead-acid battery featured on this page does not include any
12V cords or adapters.
Related Products ...
58 Series 12V Converter
Our Price: $19.99
Add ·~
12VCord
Our Price: $27.00
Add 'l~
..,.,. ~:a..
·~
InteHiPAP 12V Cord
Our Price: 'S.aO.OO
Add <~
ResMed 24V Converter
Our Price: $i$9.00
Add .~
Battery Adapter Cable and 12V
Cord
o..- Price: $4J.oo
Add '":;\~
.~.~
·~'
Power\lertet" Inverter- 150 W
Our Price: '$45.00
Add ·~
llt24/2010 ll:JO t\M

<<<PAGE 14>>>

I niversal Portable Battery Pack
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2 ofJ
hllp://www .cpap-supply.conv'lJniversai-Portablc-Bancry-Pack-pi !IllS ...
Take your CPAP machine anywhere
with our CPAP battery!
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l!i24/2010 II :30 A\1

<<<PAGE 15>>>

Cnivl.'rsal Portable Battery Pack
http://www .cpap-supply.com/Universal-Portable- Baucry-Pack-t'i! I fWL ·
CPAP-Supptv.com
4/20 E. Willow Springs Rd.
Spokane, WA 99223
To I free 888-955-2 727
Fa:< ~09-448-1540
1\oout Us Ptwi.Ky Policy Send Us Fc<-!fltJaCk l3oukm,Jrk lJ<; (CTRL·tO)
Company Info I Links 1 Product Index 1 Category Index I Help 1 Tem•s I CMS SOF Pulse Oximeter
Copyright© 2010 Senske CPAP Supply, Inc .. All Rights Reserved.
Some Images Provided by Rt's~led © ResMed 2010 Used with Permission.
Shopptng Cart Softw<~re by Volusron
3 of}
ll/24/2010 11:30 i\M

<<<PAGE 16>>>

(:ell Phone Accessories - Batteries -. Wireless from AT & T Page 2 of3
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Compatible IIIIth •
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Standard U-ton 1250 rnA Batterry -11 Standard Ll·lon 880 mA Baltely • I I
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12/14/2010
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