{"operation":"document","citation":"15-0055","title":"Mr. Attila Sonkoly — Hazardous Materials Safety Interpretation","source_type":"guidance","agency":"Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration","status":"guidance","official":true,"published_on":"2015-11-25","effective_on":null,"summary":"15-0055 concerning 180.205.","machine_formats":{"json":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-interpretation-15-0055.json","markdown":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-interpretation-15-0055.md"},"app_url":"https://regulus.evalyn.ai/document/phmsa-interpretation-15-0055","source_url":"https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/sites/phmsa.dot.gov/files/legacy/interpretations/Interpretation%20Files/2015/150055.pdf","body":"<<>>\n\nU.S. Department\nof Transportation\nPipeline and Hazardous\nMaterials Safety\nAdministration\n1200 New Jersey Avenue SE\nWashington. DC 20590\nNO\\I 2 5 1~'~\nMr. Attila Sonkoly\nHydro Test Operator\n1217 W. Ball St.\nPlant City, FL 33563\nRef. No.: 15-0055\nDear Mr. Sonkoly:\nThis is in response to your February 5, 2015 letter requesting clarification of the Hazardous\nMaterials Regulations (HMR; 49 CFR Parts 171-180) applicable to the calibration and\ncertification of gauges used for pressure testing cylinders. Your questions are paraphrased\nbelow:\nQI. You state that it is your understanding that a pressure-indicating device (PID) must\nhave an accuracy grade of0,5%, and that if your PID exhibited an accuracy grade of 0.6%\nyou would not be able to use that measuring device for pressure testing. You ask for\nconfirmation of your understanding.\nAl. .For the purposes of this answer, and all other answers in this letter, it is important to\nnote that the term accuracy grade is not a term used in the HMR. Your understanding is\ncorrect. As required by § 180.205(g)(3)(i) the PID, itself, must be certified as having an\naccuracy of ±0.5%, or better, of its full range. If your PID exhibited an accuracy grade of\n0.6% you would not be able to use that measuring device for pressure testing.\nQ2. You give an example of a 0 to 11,000 PSI PID with 0.5% accuracy grade (the PID is\n+/- 55 psi accurate at any point). You request confirmation of your understanding that you\ncould not test any cylinder under the test pressure of 5,500 psi.\nA2. Your understanding is correct. Section 180.205(g)(3)(i) states that the PID, as part of\nthe retest apparatus, is accurate within ±1.0% of the prescribed test pressure of any cylinder\ntested that day. For additional tests to be conducted that day, PID, as part of the retest\napparatus, must be accurate within ±1.0% of each individual test pressure to be tested that\nday. However, ifthe PID, itself, is not in compliance with an accuracy of ±0.5%, or better,\nof its full range, retesting is not permitted on that day.\n\n<<>>\n\nQ3. You present a scenario where you are testing cylinders with a test pressure range of\n3,000 to 10,000 psi on a daily basis. You note that you understand you should have a 0 to\n11,000 psi gauge to comply with the +/- 10% range rule and ask if a PID with a 0.5%\naccuracy grade is not adequate, but if a 0.25% accuracy grade would be appropriate.\nA3. In the scenario you provide the PID with 0.5% accuracy would not be appropriate for\ntesting all cylinders within the psi range you have provided. A PID with 0.25% accuracy\nwould be compliant.\nQ4. Using the same scenario as described in Q3 above (0.25% accuracy grade), you ask if\nyou are unable to prove your PID is+/- 30 psi accurate that it would be a violation to test\ncylinders with the pressure of 3,000 psi or lower.\nA4. It is unclear as to intent of your question. Other than verification each day before\nretesting, there is no requirement in the HMR to retest the PID during the day.\nQ5. You state it is your understanding that an expansion-indicating device (EID) must have\nan accuracy of+/- 0 .5 % or better of its full range. You ask if this means the accuracy grade\nof the EID has to be at least 0.5%.\nA5. As required by§ 180.205(g)(3)(ii) the expansion-indicating device, as part of the retest\napparatus, gives a stable reading of expansion and is accurate to ±1.0% of the total\nexpansion of any cylinder tested or 0.1 cc, whichever is larger. The expansion-indicating\ndevice itself must have an accuracy of ±0.5%, or better, of its full scale. ·\nQ6. You provide a scenario in which you are using a 0 to 1,000 g (1 g = 1 ml) digital scale\nas an EID with 0.5% accuracy grade (1000 x 0.5/100 = 5 g accurate). You ask ifit would\nbe a violation to test cylinders producing total expansion of less than 500 g.\nA6. Each day before retesting, the retester shall confirm that the expansion-indicating\ndevice, as part of the retest apparatus, gives a stable reading of expansion and is accurate to\n±1.0% of the total expansion of any cylinder to be tested that day or 0.1 cc, whichever is\nlarger. In the scenario you describe, testing cylinders producing total expansion of less than\n500 g would be a violation.\nQ7. You present a scenario where the total expansion ranges from 6 ml to 510 ml and you\nare using a 0 to 1,000 g scale. You state it is your understanding that you would need a\n0.01 % accuracy grade and not a 0.5% accuracy grade.\nA7. The expansion-indicating device, as part of the retest apparatus, must be is accurate to\n±1.0% of the total expansion of any cylinder to be tested that day or 0.1 cc, whichever is\nlarger.\nQ8. You ask several questions about verifying EID accuracy using Compressed Gas\nAssociation (CGA) Pamphlet C-1, Methods for Pressure Testing Compressed Gas\nCylinders.\n\n<<>>\n\nA8. CGA Pamphlet C-1 is not incorporated by reference and, therefore, is not a material\nmade part of the regulations under the HMR and not enforceable.\nI hope this information is helpful. If you have further questions, please do not hesitate to\ncontact this office.\nSincerely,\n;J\n·v~uA-7(/J\nDuane Pfund V -\nInternational Standards Coordinator\nStandards and Rulemaking Division\n\n<<>>\n\nTo: PHMSA Standards and Rulemaking Division\nFormal Interpretation Letter Request\nFebruary 5, 2015\nAttila Sonkoly Hydro Test Operator\n4805 Heather Lyn Ct Apt H Phone # : 813-515-9678\nTampa, FL 33617\nRE: Device accuracy while pressure testing compressed gas cylinders\nDear Sir,\nPlease assign this letter to an expert who has good knowledge of CFR 49 180.205 , who is expert on CGA C-1, and\nknows how accuracy grade works.\nCFR 49.180.205.\n(i) The pressure-indicating device, as part of the retest apparatus, is accurate within ±1.0% of the prescribed\ntest pressure of any cylinder tested that day. The pressure indicating device, itself, must be certified as having an\naccuracy of ±0.5%, or better, of its full range, and must pennit readings of pressure from 90%-110% of the\nminimum prescribed test pressure of the cylinder to be tested. The accuracy of the pressure indicating device within\nthe test system can be demonstrated at any point within 500 psig of the actual test pressure for test pressures at or\nabove 3000 psig, or 10% of the actual test pressure for test pressures below 3000 psig.\n(ii) The expansion-indicating device, as part of the retest apparatus, gives a stable reading of expansion and is\naccurate to ±1.0% of the total expansion of any cylinder tested or 0.1 cc, whichever is larger. The expansion-\nindicating device itself must have an accuracy of ±0.5%, or better, of its full scale\nI am an experienced hydro test operator. Recently while attending two online seminars and while talking to\nseveral instructors some of them said while checking the pressure indicating device (PID) against a master gauge the\nPID can be 1 % off, others said it can be 0.5% percent off. When using digital scale as an expansion indicating\ndevice (EID) some of the instructors said it can be I% off, others said it can be 0.5% off.\nThe worst thing I think all of them are wrong, and they do have a misconception on the concept of accuracy\ngrade. Accuracy is of the utmost importance for hydro testers, misunderstanding the above paragraphs can lead to\nhard time while calibrating the system, it will result in incon-ect and illegal testing if misinterpreted.\nI occasionally help out training hydro test operators - I would like to ask for a letter I can show to them so\nthey would get the con-ect concept on testing by CFR 49 accuracy standards.\n\n<<>>\n\nBoth the EID and the PID accuracy is described by accuracy grade what gives the maximum error\nthat can occur at any point of the device. It is calculated by the largest acceptable error divided by the full\nrange multiplied by 100%. It is an inherent quality of the device. (see quote from CGA C-1)\nExample ifI am using a 0 to 11,000 PSI PID with 0.5 % accuracy grade I can have at any point 11,000 x\n0.5% = 55 PSI error the most. With other words my device is+/- 55PSI accurate. That is how all PIDs get certified\nand recertified when checking against a standard (master gauge or dead weight).\nQuestion 1. (THE 0.5% RULE) \"The pressure indicating device, itself, must be certified as having an\naccuracy of ±0.5%, or better, of its full range.\" To me it doesn't mean that the PID can be 0.5 percent off at all. It\nmeans to me that the required accuracy grade I have to use for a PID is 0.5% or better. Ifl look at the accuracy\ngrade definition it is max error in percentage compared to the full range. So in technical terms CFR 49 tells me that\nthe PID should have at least a 0.5% accuracy grade. If it was for example 0.6% accuracy grade I would not be able\nto use that measuring device for pressure testing.\nI am attaching a CGA C-1 excerpt, a PHMSA interpretation letter and a Galiso Technical Bulleting to support my\nstatement on this. Please let me know if my understanding it c01Tect on this.\nQuestion 2. (THE 1 % RULE) Most commonly misunderstood point between hydro test operators: \"The pressure-\nindicating device, as part of the retest apparatus, is accurate within ±1.0% of the prescribed test pressure of any\ncylinder tested that day.\" To me this doesn't mean at all that the PID can be 1 % off at any point when\ncomparing it to a master guge. To me that seems impossible, as only the entirety of the system as a whole can\nbe 1 % off based on CFR 49. To me what it means that if I am using a O to 11,000 PSI PID with 0.5 percent\naccuracy grade (the PID is+/- 55PSI accurate at any point) I cannot test any cylinder under the test pressure\nof 5,500 PSI. For example ifI tested a cylinder with this PID at 3360 test pressure it could have a 55 PSI eITor and\nthat would be larger than 1 % of the test pressure of the cylinder what I am testing. IfI have a 0.5% accuracy grade\nPID I can use it to hydro test cylinders but not every single one of them, sometimes ifthe test pressure is too small\ncompared to the entire test range a better accuracy grade is required based on the one percent rule.\nQuestion 3. (PID applicability for high pressure cylinder testing facilities) If I am testing from 3,000 to 10,000\nPSI test pressure range on a daily basis, I should have a 0 to 11,000 PSI gauge to comply with the+/- 10%\nrange rule. In this case 0.5% accuracy grade is not adequate, but a 0.25% accuracy grade 11,000PSI x 0.25%\n= 27.5 PSI would be perfect, as 27.5 PSI is less than 1 percent of the 3,000 PSI test pressure.\nQuestion 4. (PID verification) IfI want to verify ifthe before mentioned device (0 to 11,000 PSI range PID with\n0.25% accuracy grade) is precise and meets the accuracy requirement set by CFR 49 (this might happen as part of\nmy troubleshooting during calibration or because I am following CGA C-1 appendix B and I am recertifying the\ngauge after every sixth month using certified master gauges) when I put my pressure device against a master gauge\nand if it gives larger than 30 PSI error at any point, with other words if I am unable to prove it is +/- 30 PSI\naccurate (for example it gives a 50 PSI error t 6,000 PSI or gives 70 PSI error at 10,000 PSI) it would be\nillegal to test cylinders with the pressure of 3,000 PSI or lower. The PID needs to get repaired or and recalibrated\nas it is not meant to have errors of that magnitude.\nSee attached references which support my understanding.\nExpansion Indicating Device (EID)\nMy understanding is similar as on PID, I will describe it shortly\n\n<<>>\n\nQuestion 5. (EID 0.5% rule) : The expansion-indicating device itself must have an accuracy of ±0.5%, or better, of\nits full scale, to me this means that the accuracy grade of the EID has to be at least 0.5%.\nQuestion 6. (EID 1 % rule) If I am using a 0 to 1,000g (lgramm = 1 ml) digital scale as an EID with 0.5%\naccuracy grade it is 1000 x 0.5/100 = 5g accurate. It would be illegal to use to test cylinders producing total\nexpansion of less than 500g .\nQuestion 7 (EID accuracy application to high pressure test facilities) If my total expansion ranges from 6 ml\nto 510 ml, and if I am using a 0 to 1,000 g scale I need that to be at least+/- 0.1 g accurate what is 0.1 I 1,000 x\n100% = 0.01 % accuracy grade. So given my scale range I would need a 0.01 % accuracy grade and not a\n0.5% accuracy grade.\nQuestion 8. Verifying EID. Ifl have to use a 0 to 1,000 g scale 0.01 % accuracy grade scale and I want to\nverify its accuracy either for trouble shooting reason or because I wanted to do a periodical EID verification\nas by CGA C-1 appendix B when placing different weights on the scale I should not have anywhere more\nthan 0.1 g error if I am testing cylinders producing total expansion lOg or lower on a daily basis.\nPlease let me know if my understanding is correct.\nSincerely,\n();f;r:re .J1\nafter 3pm)\n\n<<>>\n\nTechnical Bulletin\nprassure-indicating device, as part of the retest apparatus, is accurate to within+ or - 1 % of the prescribed lest\n. pressure of any cylinder tested that day. The pressure-indicating device, itself, must be certified as having an accuracy of+\nor- 0.5%, or better, of it's fun range and must permit readings of pressure from 90% lo 1 l0%of the minimum prescribed\npressure of the cylinder to be tested. The ilceuracy of the pressure indicating device within the test system can be\nonstrated at any point within 500 psi of the actual test pressure for test pressures al or above 3000 psi, or l 0% of the\nlest pressure for test pressures below 3000 psi.:\n1 0 /'~ f-u k_,\nfl lM-Li ~ t f' Ch t.4i ~\n~d L.,_\\ Dt\nf 'rt>;;,~Ul\\t ~\"-'\\\nAccuracy\n~ tesi pressure of 10,000 psi, the gauge must read to 110% of this, i.e. 11,000 psi. ~\n/ • If the gauge has an accuracy of 0.5% of full-scale, the gauge is on!y accurate lo 55 psi. This means at any given reading, the gauge\nmight be up to 55 psi in error.\n• Since that gauge must be accumte to l % of the prescribed test pressure, at pressures below 5,500 psi, the gauge general\ninaccuracy of 55 psi exceeds this l % fig um. The gauge is therefore not suitable for use below 5,500 psi\nThe chart below lists some popular gauge ranges and is based on the DOT prescribed accuracy of 112 %. N.B. Galiso\nmaster gauges are 1/4 % accurate· exceeding DOT minima. ·~\nGauge max Max test Accuracy of Gauge possible frvlininunn test \\\nvalue psi pressure gauge % error /psi / pressure psi\nd I\n5,500\n3,750\n3,000\n1,500\n·~ \\lo\nUse of calibration cylinder co ~ Y\"-4\no.:r~\nThe calibration cylinder must be used to verify equipment at 500 psi intervals above 3000 psi and within 1 o•.t of test\npressure below 3000 psi.\nsee relevant 49 CFR and CGA pamphlets. These items am not intended as a replacement for DOT specific training.\nInformation is given for 9uidance only and as a quick reference, The appropriate DOT regulations must be referred to for\nfurther clarification.\n\\ 5\nGa!iso, Inc.® 1-800-854-3789/+970-249-0233\n\n<<>>\n\n~,GAliiso®\n~_I· N C 0 R P 0 RA T E 0\nPRESSURE GAUGE\nCalibration· Certificate\nPART NUMBER 36'- //-:2500.· SERIAL NUMBER EQ!i/08{~ ..\nPm:SSURE RANGE . 0 :-t~ o D Q P.S.I. ACCURACY aa$% FULL SCAL:I! :tiZmlil ;P,,$~1.\nDATE OF CAUSRAl'ION: t~~J$ 13 CALIBRATED BY: ~·~-· #: J>>\n\n. 1.\n9gGAU$0®\n0°'\nPRESSURE GAUGE\nCalibration Certificate\nPART NUMBER _ 36-11-2500\nSERIAL NUMBER EO510 85\nPRESSURE RANGE _ O-11000_P.S.I. ACCURACY O.25% FULL SCALE +27.5a P.s.1.,\nDATE OF CALIBRATION: 12-18-12 CALIBRATED BY: M. scott Balt EMP.#: 109\nCALIBRATION\nINCREASING PRESSURE\nReceived in Calibration:\nYES.\nNO\nApplied Press.\nIndicated Press.\nDifference\nNEW\nRECAL\nREPAIR\n1000\n990\n=10\n3000\n2000\n3000\n3000\n4000\n3990\n- 10\nSALISO\n5000:\n5000\nDATE PUT INTO SERVICE DEC 1 & 2012\n6000\n6000\nQ\nQUALITY ASSURANCE\ncer st\n7000\n7000\n8000\n8000\n9000\n9010\nt10\nCalibrated in\nUPRIGHt Position\n10,000\n10,010\n' +/0\nTemperature\n66\n°F\nCalibration Control: Heise Model DXD Digital Pressure Indicator S/N: 7297\nLast Calibration: 8/02/12Next Calibration Due: 8/2/13\n\"This instrument has been calibrated with measurement standards whose accuracy is traceable to National Institute of Standards\nPressure Module Serial Numbers: 0-10,000 S/N 7297\nand Technology (N.I.S.T.)\"\nGALISO INCORPORATED\n22 PONDEROSA COURT (81401)\nMONTROSE, CO 81402\nP.O. BOX 1468\n(970) 249-0233 (800) 854-3789\nGSO9504-1E\nRevised a cA\n\n<<>>\n\nLicensed for the sole use of the purchaser. See license agreement penalties for distribution.\nCGA C-1-2009 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION INC. PAGE 1\n~~~~~~~~~\"-!.!!!-'-\"'=-\":.:.:=:~~'-'='.~~'-'\"\"\"'~..!.!..:!.!\"-'-..~~~~~~~~~~~\n1 Introduction\nPressure testing of compressed gas cylinders is required for many newly manufactured cylinders and also is an\naccepted test method for the requalification of cylinders. The referenced edition of the applicable documents,\nas specified by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) in Title 49 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regula-\ntions (49 CFR), in Canada by Transport Canada (TC) in CSA 8339, Cylinders, Spheres, and Tubes for the\nTransportation of Dangerous Goods, as referenced by the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations, or\nthe authority having jurisdiction, shall be available at each facility conducting pressure testing/requalification\n[1, 2, 3].\nFor the testing/requalification of cylinders manufactured under an exemption/special permit or permit, a current\ncopy of that exemption or permit shall also be available. (See Appendix A for addresses of agencies that pro-\nduce these documents).\n2 Scope\nThis standard contains operating and equipment requirements necessary to properly· perform pressure testing\nof compressed gas cylinders.\n3 Definitions\nFor the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply.\n3.1 Accuracy\nDegree of conformity of a measured or calculated quantity to its actual (true) value ..\n3.2 Accuracy grade\nInherent quality of the device.\nNOTE-Accuracy grade expresses the maximum error allowed for the device at any reading and is expressed as a percent-\nage of the full scale of the device.\n3.3 Actual test pressure\nTrue, recorded pressure applied to a cylinder during a test.\n3.4 Bar\nMetric measurement used for marking seririce pressure (1 bar= 14.5 psi).\n3.5 Calibration\nProcess of adjusting a device to match a known standard so that it indicates to within specified accuracy limits.\nNOTE-See Appendix B for information on calibration devices. '\n3.6 Calibration verification\nChecking of an individual .device or test apparatus by comparison with a given standard to determine the indi-\ncation error at specified points of the scale.\n3.7 Calibrated cylin.der\nCylinder that has certified calibration points of pressure with corresponding expansion values.\nNOTE-It is a secondary, derived standard-used for the verification and demonstration of test system accuracy and integrity.\n3.8 Condemn\nDetermination that a cylinder is unserviceable for continued transportation of dangerous goods and that the\ncylinder may not be restored by repair, rebuild, requalification, or other procedures.\nThis document licensed for the .sole use of the purchaser. It may not be shared with any other person or used after the ~xpiration date\nwithout the express written permission of the CGA. Any unauthorized use, reproduction, dis:ribution, or modificat10n ofth1s pnnted page\nwill result in a $5,000 liquidated damages fee plus loss of access to CGA publications for one year for your company·\n\n<<>>\n\nLicensed for the sole use of the purchaser. See license agreement penalties for distribution.\nCGA C-1-2009 ________ -\"C\"-'O\"\"M\"'P-'-R\"\"E'°'S\"\"'S\"\"E\"'O-'G\"\"A'-\"S\"-A'-=S\"'-S;::O:o::,C\"\"'/A!.i..T,,_,/O\"\"N\"\"-\"/N\"'C\"\".'------------PAGE 11\n5.?..2.2 Pressure indicating device\nThe pressure indicating device (PIO) shall be a pressure gauge or other suitable devke sucn as a ptessurn\ntransducer and digital readout that:\nshall be manufactured and certified to an accuracy grade of ±0.5% or better;\nshall permit reading of pressures to within 1 % of the test pressure of each cylinder tested. For analog P/Ds,\ninterpolation to one half of the marked increment is permitted;\nshall permit readings of pressures from 90% to 110% of the test pressure of any cylinder tested;\nshall be accurate to ±1 % of test pressures; and\nshall be recalibrated periodically in accordance with Appendix 8.\nFor example, using a 10 000 psi pressure gauge with an accuracy grade of ±0.5%, the reading is accurate to\n±50 psi (0.5% x 10 000 psi) at any point on the pressure gauge. For a test pressure l?nge of 3000 psi to 5000 psi,\nat 3000 psi the gauge accuracy rnay deviate by only ±30 psi (1% of 3000 psi) while for 5000 psi the gauge may\ndeviate by as much as ±50 psi.\nNOTE-The gauge in this example satisfies the accuracy grade than ,gg~ since the gauge is only accurate to ±50 psi. at 30~ gauge with a smaller range (e.g., 5000 psi) or uirement but could not be used for test pressures less\nn accuracy of ±30 psi is required for the minimum test pressure\ne ccuracy (e.g., ±0.25%) is needed.\n5.3.2.3 Pressure recording device\nThe use of a pressure recording device is not required. However, if used, the device should be compatible with\nthe maximum system pressure capability. The pressure recording device shall be adjustable so that correlation\nwith the PID can be achieved. ·\n5.3.2.4 Associated plumbing\nAll pressure valves, fittings, and connecting tubing shall be of a size and material appropriate for the pressures\nand the stresses of the test and be adequately sized and installed in a manner to prevent leakage, air entrap-\nment, or exposure to external damage. Additional pressure supply system components such as surge cham-\nbers, reservoirs, pulsation dampeners, accumulators, etc., shall be selected with consideration to pressure cy-\ncling capabilities and maximum test pressures. All pressure supply system components shall be properly se-\nlected, installed, and maintained to ensure leak-free performance.\nCAUTION: In the design and construction of the pressure system, consideration shall be given to the potential\nhazards associated with the containment of liquids under high pressure. The use of additional safety equipment\nsuch as relief devices, blast shields, test cages, etc., is advisable to prevent possible injury to testing personnel\nand equipment.\n5.3.3 Timing device\nDuring testing, a timing device that is capable of accurately measuring the minimum test duration shall be used.\n5.4 Calibrated cylinder\nA calibrated cylinder is required when performing the verification procedure for test methods where volumetric\nexpansion determinations are required. The calibrated cylinder is a derived secondary standard used to dem-\nonstrate test apparatus integrity and to confirm PIO and EID accuracy.\nA calibrated cylinder is a cylinder that has been specially prepared so that it no longer experiences permanent\nexpansion at the pressures for which it has been calibrated. The expansion readings of the cylinder shall be\nrepeatable and linear. A certification for the cylinder noting the actual pressure and expansion values for each\npressure calibration level shall be available. The original signed certification of calibration should be maintained\nin a safe place and a copy shall be posted on or near the hydrostatic test console.\nThis document licensed for the sole use of the purchaser. It may not be shared with any other person or used after the expiration date\nwithout the express written permission of the CGA. Any unauthorized use, reproduction, distribution, or modification of this printed page\n· - ---\nc~~ -lnc lnoo ,.,f access to CGA publications for one year for your company.\n\n<<>>\n\nLicensed for the sole use of the purchaser. See license agreement penalties for distribution.\nPAGE a. ___________ c=-o=M=P'-'R~E=s~s=Eo~G~A=s~A~s~so~c=1~AT~1~o~N~l~N~c·~ _______ cGA c-1-2009\nExample 2: 92 - 2.3 = 89. 7\nCylinder expansions are measured with an EID such as a burette where the volume of water is measured in\ncubic Gentimeters or measured with a weighing scale where the weight of water in grams is converted to cubic\ncentimeters. For the purpose of this standard, 1 g is equivalent to 1 cc. All expansion values are expressed in\ncc.\nSee Appendix D for sample test record forms.\n5.3 Test system components\n5.3.1 Expansion system\n5.3.1.1 Water jacket\nThe water jacket shall be of sufficient size to allow a cylinder to expand freely in all directions. The water jacket\nand/or sealing head shall be designed to prevent leakage or air entrapment.\n5.3.1.2 Expansion indicating device\nThe EID shall be a burette, scale, or other suitable device that:\nshall permit reading of the cylinder expansion to within 1 % of the total expansion of each cylinder tested, or\n0.1 cc, whichever is larger. Example: For total expansion readings of less than 10 cc, a reading to 0.1 cc is\nacceptable. Interpolation to one half of the marked increment is permitted. The device shall give a stable\nreading;\nshall be accurate to within ±1 % of the total expansion of any cylinder tested, or 0.1 cc, whichever is larger\nshall be designed to take into account the barometric effect of differing water levels (see Figure 5);\nshall be certified as having an accuracy grade of ±0.5% or better. Example: A burette with a full scale of\n150 cc and an accuracy grade of 0.5% would be accurate to a reading of 0. 75. cc. Therefore, this burette\nshall not be used for total expansions less than 75 cc in order to maintain a ±1 % accuracy of the total ex-\npansion (see Figure 6); and\nscale-based devices shall be verified periodically in accordance with Appendix B.\nFor all readings, the adjustable panel shall be moved so that the meniscus of the water column in the gradu-\nated burette is at the same level as the reference point indicator of the test panel.\nThe bottom of the water meniscus is used for all readings as shown in Figure 5.\n5.3.1.2.1 Surette systems\nFor burette systems, all measurements shall be taken at the same reference level and from the bottom of the\nmeniscus (see Figure 5).\nThe reference point indicator should qe positioned so that measurements can be taken conveniently at eye\nlevel. The burette assembly shall be moveable so that the water level in the burette is at the same height when\nreading zero, total expansion, and permanent expansion. This water level should be above the highest point of\nwater in the water jacket and its connecting piping.\n5.3.1.2.2 Nonburette type systems\nFor nonburette type systems, the EID shall be such that any change in water level does not affect the required\naccuracy. The EID shall be verified periodically in accordance with Appendix B.\nNonburette type systems shall be designed to accommodate changes in water level without causing errors in\nthe expansion readings. ·\nPictures of typical nonburette and micro processor-based systems are found in Figures 7 and 8.\nThis document licensed for the sole use of the purchaser. ft may not be shared with any other person or used after the e:q>iration dale\nwithout the express written permission of the CGA. Any unauthorized use, reproduction, di50ibution. ormod.ification ofl.kis !lrime-l ,.,~~·\nwill result in a $5,000 liquidated damages fee plus loss of access to CGA publications fur one year fo~'I:\"-''\"-- ·","truncated":false,"body_characters":27900}