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ERG 2024, Table 3: Large Spill Protective Action Distances
Table 3: Large Spill Protective Action Distances
2024 edition · published 2024-04-04 Government source
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ERG2024 supports first responders during the initial phase of a hazardous-materials transportation incident. It is not controlling regulation, a compliance determination, a chemical-specific worker safety document, or a substitute for required shipping-paper emergency-response information.
Table 3: Large Spill Protective Action Distances, page 342HOW TO USE TABLE 3 – INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES FOR LARGE SPILLS FOR DIFFERENT QUANTITIES OF SIX COMMON TIH (PIH IN THE US) GASES Table 3 lists Toxic Inhalation Hazard (TIH) materials that may be more commonly encountered. The selected materials are: • • • • • • UN1005 - Ammonia, anhydrous UN1017 - Chlorine UN1040 - Ethylene oxide and UN1040 – Ethylene oxide with nitrogen UN1050 - Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous and UN2186 - Hydrogen chloride, refrigerated liquid UN1052 - Hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous UN1079 - Sulfur dioxide/Sulphur dioxide The materials are presented in numerical order of ID number and provide Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances FOR LARGE SPILLS (more than 208 liters or 55 US gallons) involving different container types (therefore different volume capacities, see below) for day time and night time situations and different wind speeds. • • • • • Rail tank car: 80 000 kg (176 370 lbs.) Highway tank truck or trailer: 20 000 – 25 000 kg (44 092 – 55 116 lbs.) Agricultural nurse tank: 3785 L (1000 gallons) Small cylinder: 72 L (19 gallons) Ton cylinder: 757 - 1135 L (200 - 300 gallons) Estimating Wind Speed from Environmental Clues mph km/h Wind Description Specifications < 6 < 10 Low wind Wind felt on face; leaves rustle; ordinary vane moved by wind 6 - 12 10 - 20 Moderate wind Raises dust, loose paper; small branches are moved > 12 > 20 High wind Large branches in motion; whistling heard in telephone wires; umbrellas used with difficulty (Data taken from the Beaufort Wind Scale has been reworked in order to create 3 categories of wind speed: Low, Moderate and High) Page 340#
Table 3: Large Spill Protective Action Distances, page 343TRANSPORT CONTAINER UN1005 Ammonia, anhydrous / Anhydrous ammonia: Large Spills Rail tank car 300 (1000) 1.6 (1.0) 1.2 (0.8) 1.0 (0.6) 4.1 (2.6) 2.1 (1.3) 1.3 (0.8) Highway tank truck or trailer 150 (500) 0.8 (0.5) 0.5 (0.3) 0.4 (0.3) 1.8 (1.1) 0.7 (0.4) 0.6 (0.4) Agricultural nurse tank 60 (200) 0.5 (0.3) 0.3 (0.2) 0.3 (0.2) 1.4 (0.9) 0.3 (0.2) 0.3 (0.2) Multiple small cylinders 30 (100) 0.3 (0.2) 0.2 (0.1) 0.1 (0.1) 0.7 (0.5) 0.3 (0.2) 0.2 (0.1) Low wind (< 6 mph = < 10 km/h) Moderate wind (6-12 mph = 10 - 20 km/h) High wind (> 12 mph = > 20 km/h) Moderate wind (6-12 mph = 10 - 20 km/h) High wind (> 12 mph = > 20 km/h) Meters (Feet) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Highway tank truck or trailer TRANSPORT CONTAINER UN1017 Chlorine: Large Spills Rail tank car 1000 (3000) 9.6 (6.0) 6.3 (3.9) 5.1 (3.2) 11.0+ (7.0+) 8.9 (5.6) 6.5 (4.1) 600 (2000) 5.6 (3.5) 3.3 (2.1) 2.5 (1.6) 6.4 (4.0) 4.7 (2.9) 3.8 (2.4) Multiple ton cylinders 300 (1000) 1.9 (1.2) 1.3 (0.8) 1.0 (0.6) 3.5 (2.2) 2.3 (1.4) 1.3 (0.8) Multiple small cylinders or single ton cylinder 150 (500) 1.3 (0.9) 0.7 (0.5) 0.5 (0.3) 2.4 (1.5) 1.2 (0.8) 0.6 (0.4) Page 341 TABLE 3 - INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES FOR LARGE SPILLS FOR DIFFERENT QUANTITIES OF SIX COMMON TIH (PIH IN THE US) GASES First ISOLATE in all Directions Then PROTECT persons Downwind during DAY NIGHT Low wind (< 6 mph = < 10 km/h) TABLE 3 "+" means distance can be larger in certain atmospheric conditions#
Table 3: Large Spill Protective Action Distances, page 344Page 342 TABLE 3 - INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES FOR LARGE SPILLS FOR DIFFERENT QUANTITIES OF SIX COMMON TIH (PIH IN THE US) GASES First ISOLATE in all Directions Then PROTECT persons Downwind during DAY NIGHT Moderate wind (6-12 mph = 10 - 20 km/h) Low wind (< 6 mph = < 10 km/h) Low wind (< 6 mph = < 10 km/h) High wind (> 12 mph = > 20 km/h) Moderate wind (6-12 mph = 10 - 20 km/h) High wind (> 12 mph = > 20 km/h) Meters (Feet) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) TRANSPORT CONTAINER UN1040 Ethylene oxide: Large Spills UN1040 Ethylene oxide with nitrogen: Large Spills Rail tank car 200 (600) 1.5 (1.0) 0.8 (0.5) 0.7 (0.4) 3.0 (1.8) 1.4 (0.9) 0.8 (0.5) Highway tank truck or trailer 100 (300) 0.9 (0.6) 0.5 (0.3) 0.4 (0.3) 2.0 (1.3) 0.7 (0.4) 0.4 (0.3) Multiple small cylinders or single ton cylinder 30 (100) 0.4 (0.3) 0.2 (0.1) 0.1 (0.1) 0.8 (0.5) 0.3 (0.2) 0.2 (0.1) TRANSPORT CONTAINER UN1050 Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous: Large Spills UN2186 Hydrogen chloride, refrigerated liquid: Large Spills Rail tank car 500 (1500) 3.7 (2.3) 2.0 (1.3) 1.7 (1.1) 9.7 (6.1) 3.3 (2.1) 2.2 (1.4) Highway tank truck or trailer 200 (600) 1.5 (0.9) 0.8 (0.5) 0.6 (0.4) 3.7 (2.3) 1.5 (0.9) 0.8 (0.5) Multiple ton cylinders 30 (100) 0.4 (0.3) 0.2 (0.1) 0.1 (0.1) 1.0 (0.6) 0.3 (0.2) 0.1 (0.1) Multiple small cylinders or single ton cylinder 30 (100) 0.3 (0.2) 0.2 (0.1) 0.1 (0.1) 0.9 (0.6) 0.3 (0.2) 0.2 (0.1)#
Table 3: Large Spill Protective Action Distances, page 345TRANSPORT CONTAINER UN1052 Hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous: Large Spills Rail tank car 500 (1500) 3.4 (2.1) 2.1 (1.3) 1.8 (1.1) 6.4 (4.0) 3.0 (1.9) 1.9 (1.2) Highway tank truck or trailer 200 (700) 2.0 (1.2) 1.0 (0.7) 0.9 (0.6) 3.6 (2.3) 1.5 (1.0) 0.9 (0.6) Low wind (< 6 mph = < 10 km/h) Moderate wind (6-12 mph = 10 - 20 km/h) High wind (> 12 mph = > 20 km/h) Moderate wind (6-12 mph = 10 - 20 km/h) High wind (> 12 mph = > 20 km/h) Meters (Feet) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Kilometers (Miles) Multiple small cylinders or single ton cylinder 200 (600) 3.1 (1.9) 1.5 (0.9) 1.1 (0.7) 5.6 (3.5) 2.4 (1.5) 1.5 (0.9) Multiple small cylinders or single ton cylinder 100 (300) 0.8 (0.5) 0.4 (0.2) 0.3 (0.2) 1.7 (1.1) 0.5 (0.3) 0.3 (0.2) TRANSPORT CONTAINER UN1079 Sulfur dioxide / Sulphur dioxide: Large Spills Rail tank car 1000 (3000) 11.0+ (7.0+) 11.0+ (7.0+) 6.9 (4.3) 11.0+ (7.0+) 11.0+ (7.0+) 9.6 (6.0) Highway tank truck or trailer 1000 (3000) 11.0+ (7.0+) 6.0 (3.8) 5.0 (3.3) 11.0+ (7.0+) 7.9 (5.1) 6.0 (3.9) Multiple ton cylinders 500 (1500) 5.2 (3.3) 2.2 (1.4) 1.7 (1.1) 7.4 (4.3) 4.0 (2.5) 2.7 (1.7) Page 343 TABLE 3 - INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES FOR LARGE SPILLS FOR DIFFERENT QUANTITIES OF SIX COMMON TIH (PIH IN THE US) GASES First ISOLATE in all Directions Then PROTECT persons Downwind during DAY NIGHT Low wind (< 6 mph = < 10 km/h) TABLE 3 "+" means distance can be larger in certain atmospheric conditions#